Hiram powers



H. POWERS.

File.

Patented Oct. 4; 1853.

iiw v C i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HIRAM POVERS, OF FLORENCE, ITALY.

FILE AND RASP.

Specification of Letters Paten No. 10,088, dated October 4, 1853.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HIRAM POWERS, a citizen of the United States, butnow resid ing in Florence, Italy, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in the Mode or Manner of Constructing Files or Rasps; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure 1, represents a perspective view of a file,and Fig. 2, represents a longitudinal section through the same.

The nature of my invention consists in forming perforations or throatsto the fin, feather or other cutting surfaces. of rasps or files, forthe purpose of allowing said rasps or files to clear themselves of thematerial cut away by them, and to prevent their filling or choking, byadmitting or allowing the particles to pass through said perforations orthroats.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention I willproceed to describe the same with reference to the drawings in which A,represents the file or rasp. The perforations l, 1, l, &c., in the plateof which the instrument is formed, maybe round,'oblong, oval or angular,and the cutting edges 2, 2, 2, &c., which partially surroundeachperforation or throat maybe either curved, straight or pointed plainor serrated, as the different purposes to which it is to be applied mayrequire.

The cutting edges may not entirely surround the perforations but beraised on one side of them only, and inclined at such an angle, as tocut to the best advantage, and at the same time to throw the particlesremoved by them into and through the perforationsor throats.

The files or rasps may have cutting edges raised on one or bothsurfaces, as may be found essential; and they may be made of any desiredform, whether fiat, curved, angular or hollow, and be used generally forall purposes, where the removal of surface, or the comminution ofsubstance is required.

The common rasps or files now in use, cast the dust or filings fromtheir toothed or cutting sides, and thus these instruments are liable tobe clogged or filled with obstructions when used upon tough or adhesivesubstances. My improved rasp or file is free from this liability to clogor fill. The form of the cutting edges, their position relative to theperforations or throats, which allow the particles to escape and passthrough, or by, the body of the instrument, render filling or cloggingalmost impossible, and it can be used upon lead, zinc, copper and tin orother adhesive substances, as well as upon the harder metals, theperforations serving the same purpose that the throat in a commonhand-plane serves in clearing the instrument from the shavings removedby it.

These files or rasps can be made entirely by machinery and at smallexpense, and may be made of any of the known metals, and of almost anydegree of fineness, having due regard to the material as Well as the useto which they are to be applied.

Having thus fully described the nature of my invention, What I claimtherein as new and desire to'secure by Letters Patent is.

The forming of perforations or throats to the cutting edges of files orrasps, for allowing the particles cut away to pass through, and toprevent the instrument from clogging or choking, substantially asdescribed.

I-IIRAM POWERS. Vitnesses:

WVALTER GOULD, O. M. MITCHEL.

